mea hana graphite

Hoʻohana kēia pūnaewele i nā kuki i hiki iā mākou ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i kahi ʻike mea hoʻohana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. Mālama ʻia ka ʻike kuki ma kāu polokalamu kele pūnaewele a hana i nā hana like ʻole, e like me ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana iā ʻoe ke hoʻi ʻoe i kā mākou pūnaewele a kōkua iā mākou e hoʻomaopopo i nā ʻāpana o ka pūnaewele āu e ʻike ai i ka hoihoi a me ka pono. No ka ʻike hou aku, e ʻoluʻolu e ʻike i kā mākou Kuki Kuki.
Hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau kuki e hāʻawi i kā mākou pūnaewele a me nā ʻike. ʻO nā kuki pono loa e pili ana i ko mākou wahi hoʻokipa, ʻoiai hoʻohana ʻia nā kuki hana e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻana i ka pilikanaka, kaʻana like media a me ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā ʻike multimedia.
ʻOhi nā kuki hoʻolaha i ka ʻike e pili ana i kāu mau mākaʻikaʻi, e like me nā ʻaoʻao āu e kipa ai a me nā loulou āu e hahai ai. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻikepili e pili ana i kā mākou pūnaewele.
E hōʻiliʻili nā kuki hana i ka ʻike inoa ʻole a ua manaʻo ʻia e kōkua iā mākou e hoʻomaikaʻi i kā mākou pūnaewele a hoʻokō i nā pono o kā mākou mea hoʻolohe. Hoʻohana mākou i kēia ʻike i mea e wikiwiki ai kā mākou pūnaewele, ʻoi aku ka hou a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hoʻokele no nā mea hoʻohana āpau.
Ke nānā pono nei ʻo Ryan Long i nā waihona graphite ma waena o ka neʻe ʻana o nā papa tectonic i ka ʻoihana.
Ua monopoli ʻo Kina i ka hana honua o ka graphite kūlohelohe no nā makahiki he 30, e hana ana ma kahi o 60-80% o ka graphite kūlohelohe o ka honua.
Akā ʻo ka nui o nā hoʻomohala ʻokiʻoki a puni ka honua, i hui pū ʻia me nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻololi ʻia ka māhele ʻāina o ka mākeke graphite kūlohelohe.
Ke piʻi aʻe nei ka noi no ka graphite i kona hoʻohana ʻana i nā anodes pākahi lithium-ion e piʻi ana, e koi ana i nā kumukūʻai.
Ua piʻi ke kumukūʻai o ka flake graphite (94% C-100 mesh) ma Kina mai $530/t i Kepakemapa 2021 a i $830/t i Mei 2022 a ke manaʻo ʻia nei e hōʻea i $1,000/t e 2025.
Ua kūʻai ʻia ka graphite kūlohelohe ma ʻEulopa ma ke kumukūʻai i ka graphite kūlohelohe Kina, e piʻi ana mai $980/t i Kepakemapa 2021 a i $1,400/t i Mei 2022.
ʻO nā kumukūʻai graphite kūlohelohe kiʻekiʻe paha e hāʻawi i ka manawa e pono ai e hoʻomaka i nā papahana graphite kūlohelohe hou ma waho o Kina.
ʻO ka hopena, manaʻo kekahi poʻe wānana e hiki ke hāʻule ka māhele o Kina o ka mākeke graphite kūlohelohe honua mai 68% i 2021 a i 35% e 2026.
E like me ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka mākeke graphite kūlohelohe, pēlā pū ka nui o ka mākeke i manaʻo ʻia e loli, e like me ka White House Critical Metals Report e hōʻike ana i ka noi no ka graphite mai nā wahie fossil i ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka ikehu e 2040 e hoʻonui i 25 mau manawa i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka hana ma 2020 .
Ma kēia ʻatikala, e nānā mākou i kekahi o kēia mau hui eli graphite kūlohelohe honua e hana nei a ke nānā nei e hoʻonui i kā lākou hana, a me kēlā mau mea hoʻomohala papahana i mākaukau e neʻe i ka hana a pōmaikaʻi mai ka piʻi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai graphite kūlohelohe.
Na Northern Graphite Corp (TSX-V: NGC, OTCQB: NGPHF) nona nā waiwai graphite alakaʻi ʻekolu. Ke hana nei ka hui i ka lua o Lac des Iles (LDI) ma Quebec, e hana ana i 15,000 metric tons (t) o ka graphite i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
Ke kokoke mai nei ka LDI i ka hopena o kona ola, akā ua kau inoa ʻo Northern i kahi koho e loaʻa ai ka papahana Mousseau West, kahi i manaʻo ai e hoʻohana e hoʻonui i ke ola o ka mea kanu LDI.
Aia ka papahana Mousseau West ma kahi o 80 km mai ka mea kanu LDI, kahi i manaʻoʻiʻo ai ka hui he mamao kūpono no ka lawe ʻana i nā waiwai.
Hoʻolālā ka ʻĀkau e hoʻonui i ka hana LDI i ka 25,000 tons i kēlā me kēia makahiki (t / y) me ka hoʻohana ʻana i Mousseau West ore. ʻO nā kumu waiwai i manaʻo ʻia o ka papahana ʻo Mousseau West he 4.1 miliona tonnes (mt) me kahi māka Graphite Carbon (GC) o 6.2%.
I kēia manawa, ke hoʻomaikaʻi nei ka ʻoihana i kāna ʻoihana Okanjande-Okorusu, kahi i hoʻoponopono hou ʻia. ʻO nā kumu waiwai hou o Okanjande-Okorusu he 24.2 Mt me ka helu kinoea holoʻokoʻa o 5.33%, ua manaʻo ʻia nā kumu waiwai inferred ma 7.2 Mt me ka helu kinoea holoʻokoʻa o 5.02%, ʻike ʻia nā kumu waiwai he 7 .1 miliona tons he 4.23% ka nui o ke kinoea, ʻo ke kumu waiwai i manaʻo ʻia he 0.6 metric tons. maʻiʻo 3.41% HA
Ua hoʻopau koke ʻo Northern i kahi Preliminary Economic Assessment (PEA) no ka hoʻomaka hou ʻana o kāna koina Okanjande Okorusu, me ka manaʻo ʻana he 10 mau makahiki koʻu ola, he awelika waiwai o kēia manawa ma hope o ka ʻauhau o $65 miliona, he 62% o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i loko o ka ʻauhau, a me ke kumukuai graphite. 1500 dala no ke tona.
ʻO nā kumukūʻai hana i manaʻo ʻia no ka papahana he $775 no ka tonne a he $15.1 miliona ke kumukūʻai no ka hoʻomaka hou ʻana i ka hana. Hoʻolālā ka ʻĀkau e hoʻomaka hou i ka hana ma waena o 2023 me ka awelika o ka 31,000 t / y, akā i ka wā lōʻihi, ua hoʻolālā ʻo Northern e kūkulu i kahi mea kanu hana nui hou me ka mana o 100,000-150,000 t / y.
ʻO kāna kahua ʻekolu, ʻo ka Bissett Creek Project, he NI 43-101 Mineral Resource kuhi he 69.8 tons o nā kumu waiwai i ana ʻia a hōʻike ʻia ma 1.74% GC grade a me 24 tons of inferred resources ma 1.65% GC grade.
ʻO kahi PEA hou i paʻi ʻia ma Kekemapa 2018 e papa inoa i ka awelika o ka hana makahiki o 38,400 tonnes ma mua o 15 mau makahiki i hala. ʻO nā lilo o ka hana he $642 no kēlā me kēia tonne o ka concentrate, me nā hoʻolimalima kālā he $ 106.6 miliona no ka Phase 1 a me kahi $ 47.5 miliona hou no ke kapikala hoʻonui Phase 2.
Manaʻo ʻia ka hana mua ʻana he 40,000 tons i kēlā me kēia makahiki, a i ka ulu ʻana o ka mākeke, e piʻi ana kēia i 100,000 tons i kēlā me kēia makahiki, e hāʻawi ana i ka papahana i ka waiwai o kēia manawa ma hope o nā ʻauhau o $198.2 miliona USD 1,750 no ka ton concentrate. Manaʻo ʻia ke kūkulu ʻana i ka hale kanu Bisset Creek mua i ka hapaha lua o 2023.
ʻO Tirupati Graphite PLC (LON: TGR, OTC: TGRHF) he mea hana i hoʻohui ʻia o ka graphite flake kūlohelohe kiʻekiʻe, graphite kūikawā a me ka graphene. Ke hoʻonui nei ka hui i ka hana ma kāna Sahamamy a me Vatomina mines ma Madagascar, e manaʻo ana e hana i 84,000 tons o flake graphite i kēlā me kēia makahiki e 2024.
Loaʻa iā Sahamamy i kēia manawa kahi JORC 2012 Mineral Resource manaʻo o 7.1 tonnes ma 4.2% GC, aʻo Vatomina i kēia manawa he JORC 2012 Mineral Resource manaʻo o 18.4 tons i loaʻa ka 4.6% GC.
Ma ka mahina ʻo Kepakemapa 2022, e hoʻonui ʻo Tirupati i kāna mana hana flake graphite ma Madagascar mai 12,000 tons i kēlā me kēia makahiki a i 30,000 tons i kēlā me kēia makahiki, e lilo ia i mea hoʻokahi o nā mea hana nui o nā minerala ma waho o Kina.
Loaʻa iā Volt Resources Ltd (ASX: VRC) nā pānaʻi i ʻelua mau papahana graphite, ʻo ka mua he 70 pakeneka o ka ʻoihana graphite Zavaliev ma Ukraine a ʻo ka lua he 100 pakeneka ma ka papahana Bunyu graphite ma Tanzania.
Ma Zavalyevsk, hoʻolālā ʻo Volt i kēia manawa e hana ma waena o 8,000 a me 9,000 tons o nā huahana graphite i kēlā me kēia makahiki e pau ana i Iune 30, 2023, ma hope o ka hoʻomaka hou ʻana o ka hana.
Hoʻolālā ʻo Volt e hoʻomohala i ka papahana Bunyu i ʻelua mau ʻāpana e wikiwiki i ka hana. ʻO ka 2018 Feasibility Study for Phase 1 i ʻike i kahi hana e hana ana i 23,700 tons i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma luna o kahi ola koʻu 7.1 makahiki. Kuhi ʻia nā lilo o ka hana ma $664/t a me nā kumukūʻai kumupaʻa ma $31.8 miliona, e loaʻa ana ka waiwai o kēia manawa o ka papahana ma hope o nā ʻauhau o $14.7 miliona. ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, a ʻo ka helu kūloko o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana he 19.3%.
E hoʻopau ʻia ka hoʻopaʻa haʻawina hope loa no ka pae ʻelua me ka hana ʻana o ka pae mua. E hoʻokumu ʻia ka Stage 2 DFS ma ka December 2016 Pre-Feasibility Study (PFS) nāna i hoʻoholo i ka awelika o ka hua makahiki o 170,000 I ma kahi pōʻai ola 22-makahiki. ʻO ka awelika o nā lilo o ka hana he US$536 no kēlā me kēia tone o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana, a ʻo nā hoʻolimalima kālā he US$173 miliona.
I ka manaʻo ʻana i ke kumu kūʻai o ka graphite concentrate he $1,684 no kēlā me kēia tonne, ʻo ka waiwai nui o kēia manawa o PFS10 ma hope o nā ʻauhau ma 2016 he $890 miliona a ʻo ka helu o ka hoʻihoʻi ma hope o ka ʻauhau he 66.5%.
Ke hoʻolaha nei ʻo Sovereign Metals Ltd (ASX: SVM, AIM:SVML) i kāna Cassia rutile graphite mine ma Malawi.
He mea ʻokoʻa ka waihona Kasia no ka mea he koena kaumaha me ka nui o ka graphite. ʻO ka JORC 2012 Mineral Resources o ka papahana i manaʻo ʻia he 1.8 biliona tonnes ma ka helu awelika o 1.32% GC a me 1.01% rutile.
Manaʻo ʻia e hoʻomohala ʻia ʻo Kasia i ʻelua mau pae. ʻO ka hana mua e hoʻopuka i 85,000 tons of flake graphite a me 145,000 tons of rutile i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma ke kumu kūʻai o US $ 372 miliona.
ʻO ka papa ʻelua o ka papahana e hana i 170,000 tons of flake graphite a me 260,000 tons rutile i kēlā me kēia makahiki a hoʻonui i nā kumukūʻai kālā ma US $ 311 miliona.
ʻO ka scoping study (SS), i hoʻopau ʻia ma Iune 2022, hōʻike i kahi waiwai o kēia manawa 8 ma hope o nā ʻauhau o $1.54 biliona a me kahi helu kūloko ma hope o ka ʻauhau o 36% ma luna o kahi ola koʻu mua o 25 mau makahiki. Manaʻo ʻo SS i ke kumukūʻai hīnaʻi maʻamau o $1,085/t graphite a me $1,308/t rutile, a me nā koina hana o $320/t rutile a me nā huahana graphite.
Ua hoʻomaka ʻo Sovereign Metals i ka hana ma ka PFS, i manaʻo ʻia e hoʻopau ʻia i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o 2023. Manaʻo ʻia nā hopena o ka hoʻonui a me nā papahana pre-drill i ka hapa lua o 2022.
Ke hoʻolaha nei ʻo Blencowe Resources PLC (LON: BRES) i kāna papahana graphite Orom-Cross ma Uganda. ʻO ka papahana Orom Cross i kēia manawa he JORC 2012 i manaʻo ʻia he Mineral Resource o 24.5 tonnes me ka helu GC o 6.0%.
Ua hōʻike ʻia ke aʻo ʻana mua o ka papahana i ka waiwai o kēia manawa ma hope o nā ʻauhau o $482 miliona a me ka helu o loko o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana ma hope o ka ʻauhau o 49% ma ke kumukūʻai hīnaʻi awelika o $1,307 no ke tona o ka graphite ma kahi manawa 14-makahiki. mine lawelawe. ʻO nā kumukūʻai hana o ka papahana he $499 no ka tonne a he $62 miliona ke kumukūʻai.
Manaʻo ʻia e hoʻomohala ʻia ka papahana ma nā ʻāpana, me kahi mea kanu pilote e manaʻo ʻia e hoʻomaka i ka hapa lua o 2023 me ka mana hana makahiki o 1,500 tons, a ukali ʻia e ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā hale hana mua ma 2025 me kahi hana makahiki. ka nui o 36,000 tona. 50,000-100,000 tons e 2028, a hiki i 100,000-147,000 tons e 2031. Manaʻo ʻia e hoʻopau ʻia ka papahana e DFS ma ka hopena o 2023.
Ke holomua nei ʻo Blackearth Minerals NL i kāna papahana graphite Maniry ma ka hema o Madagascar a ua manaʻo ʻia kahi noiʻi hope loa (DFS) i ʻOkakopa 2022. ʻO ka JORC 2012 Mineral Resource kuhi no ka papahana he 38.8 tonnes me ka helu GC o 6.4%.
ʻO ka SS hou, i paʻi ʻia ma Dekemaba 2021, wehewehe i ka NPV10 ma hope o ka ʻauhau o $184.4 miliona a me ka helu o ka hoʻihoʻi mua o ka ʻauhau o 86.1% ma ke kumukūʻai graphite awelika o $1,258 no ka tonne.
Manaʻo ʻia e hoʻokō ʻia ka pāhana i ʻelua mau ʻāpana, me ke kumu kūʻai kumulāʻau mua o US $ 38.3 miliona a me ka awelika o ka hana makahiki o 30,000 tons i nā makahiki ʻehā. ʻO ke kumu kūʻai kālā no ka lua he US $ 26.3 miliona me ka awelika o ka hana makahiki o 60,000 tons ma luna o 10 mau makahiki. ʻO ke kumu kūʻai maʻamau o ka hana ʻana i kahi maina ma lalo o ka papahana he $447.76/ton o ka ʻike.
Loaʻa iā Blackearth he 50 pākēneka i loko o kahi hui hui me Metachem Manufacturing Company, kahi mea hana nui o ka graphite hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia a me nā huahana hana ʻē aʻe, e hoʻomohala i kahi mea kanu graphite hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ma India.
Hoʻolālā kahi hui hui i kapa ʻia ʻo Panthera Graphite Technologies e hoʻomaka i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka mea kanu i Kepakemapa 2022, me ka hoʻopau ʻana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia no ka hoʻomaka ʻana o 2023 me nā kūʻai mua i manaʻo ʻia ma ka hapaha lua o 2023.
Manaʻo ka mea kanu e hana i 2000-2500 tons o expandable graphite i kēlā me kēia makahiki no nā makahiki ʻekolu. A laila hoʻolālā ka hui hui e hoʻonui i ka hana a hiki i 4000-5000 tons / makahiki. Me kahi hoʻolālā hoʻolimalima kālā mua o $3 miliona, manaʻo ʻia ka makahiki piha mua o ka hana ʻana he $7 miliona, me ka piʻi ʻana o ka loaʻa kālā makahiki ʻelua i $18-20.5 miliona.
Ke hoʻolaha nei ʻo Evolution Energy Minerals Ltd (ASX:EV1) i kāna papahana graphite Chilalo ma Tanzania. Manaʻo ʻia ka pae kiʻekiʻe ʻo Chilalo Mineral Resources ma 20 tons ma 9.9% GC a ʻo ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa Mineral Resources ua manaʻo ʻia ma 47.3 tons ma 3.5% GC.
ʻO ka DFS, i paʻi ʻia ma Ianuali 2020, ua hoʻoholo i ka NPV8 ma hope o ka ʻauhau o $323 miliona a me ka helu o ka hoʻihoʻi ma hope o ka ʻauhau o 34% ma ke kumukūʻai graphite awelika o $1,534 i hoʻokahi tonne. ʻO ke kumukūʻai kumulāʻau i manaʻo ʻia o ka papahana he US $87.4 miliona a ʻo ka awelika o ka hana makahiki he 50,000 tons ma luna o 18 mau makahiki o ke ola o ka maina.
Ke hoʻomaka nei kahi papahana DFS a me Front End Engineering (FEED) hou no Chilalo. Ua kauoha pū ʻo Evolution iā Auramet International e aʻo iā Chilalo a hāʻawi kālā no ka papahana.