He aha ka graphene?
ʻO Graphene kahi mea hou hexagonal honeycomb lattice i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hoʻopili kokoke ʻana o nā ʻātoma kalapona ʻāpana hoʻokahi. I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, he mea kalapona ʻelua-dimensional a no ka mea like heteromorphic kino o ka mea kalapona. ʻO 0.142 nm wale nō ka paʻa molekala o ka graphene, a ʻo 0.335 nm wale nō ka mamao o ka mokulele aniani.
ʻAʻohe manaʻo o ka poʻe he nui o ka ʻāpana nano. ʻO Nano kahi ʻāpana o ka lōʻihi. Hoʻokahi nano ma kahi o 10 a hiki i ka liʻiliʻi 9 mika square. He pōkole loa ia ma mua o ka hua bacteria a ua like kona nui me ʻehā mau ʻātoma. I kekahi hihia, ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i kahi mea o 1 nm me ko mākou mau maka ʻōlohelohe. Pono mākou e hoʻohana i kahi microscope. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka nanotechnology ua lawe mai i nā kahua hoʻomohala hou i ke kanaka, a ʻo ka graphene kekahi ʻenehana hōʻike nui loa.
A hiki i kēia manawa, ʻo ka graphene ka mea lahilahi loa i loaʻa i ka honua kanaka. He mānoanoa wale nō kona mānoanoa e like me hoʻokahi atom. I ka manawa like, ʻo ia ka mea māmā loa a me ka conductor uila maikaʻi loa i ka honua.
Kanaka a me ka graphene
Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka mōʻaukala o ke kanaka a me ka graphene no ka hapalua haneli. I ka makahiki 1948, ua ʻike nā kānaka ʻepekema i ke ola o ka graphene ma ke ʻano. Eia nō naʻe, i kēlā manawa, ua paʻakikī i ka pae ʻepekema a me ka ʻenehana ke ʻili i ka graphene mai ka papa hana hoʻokahi, no laila ua hoʻopaʻa pū ʻia kēia mau graphene, e hōʻike ana i ke kūlana o ka graphite. Aia i kēlā me kēia 1 mm o ka graphite ma kahi o 3 miliona mau papa graphene.
Akā no ka manawa lōʻihi, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo graphene he mea ʻole. Manaʻo kekahi poʻe he mea wale nō ia i manaʻo ʻia e ka poʻe ʻepekema, no ka mea, inā he graphene maoli nō, no ke aha e hiki ʻole ai i nā ʻepekema ke unuhi wale ia?
A hiki i ka makahiki 2004, ua loaʻa i nā kānaka ʻepekema ʻo Andre Geim lāua ʻo Konstantin Volov mai ke Kulanui o Manchester ma UK kahi ala e hoʻokaʻawale ai i ka graphene. Ua ʻike lākou inā ua kāʻili ʻia nā graphite flakes mai ka graphite pyrolytic kiʻekiʻe, a laila ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka graphite flakes i kahi lipine kūikawā, a laila ua haehae ʻia ka lipine, hiki i kēia ʻano hana ke hoʻokaʻawale maikaʻi i nā flakes graphite.
Ma hope o kēlā, pono ʻoe e hana hou i nā hana i luna mau e hana i ka pepa graphite ma kou lima ʻoi aku ka lahilahi a lahilahi. ʻO ka hope, hiki iā ʻoe ke kiʻi i kahi pepa kūikawā i haku ʻia me nā ʻātoma kalapona wale nō. He graphene maoli ka mea ma keia pepa. Ua lanakila pū ʻo Andre Geim lāua ʻo Konstantin Novoselov i ka makana Nobel no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka graphene, a ʻo ka poʻe i ʻōlelo ʻaʻole i ola ka graphene, ua hahau ʻia ma ka maka. No laila no ke aha e hiki ai i ka graphene ke hōʻike i kēlā mau ʻano?
ʻO Graphene, ke aliʻi o nā mea
I ka manawa i ʻike ʻia ai ka graphene, ua hoʻololi loa ia i ka hoʻolālā o ka noiʻi ʻepekema ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. No ka mea ua ʻike ʻia ʻo graphene ka mea ʻoi aku ka lahilahi o ka honua, ua lawa ka graphene e uhi i kahi kahua pôpeku maʻamau. Eia kekahi, loaʻa i ka graphene maikaʻi loa ka wela a me ka conductivity uila.
ʻO ka graphene maʻemaʻe kīnā ʻole hoʻokahi-layer he ikaika loa ka thermal conductivity, a ʻo kona conductivity thermal ka mea kiʻekiʻe e like me 5300w / MK (w / m · degere: manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka mānoanoa o ka mea hoʻokahi he 1m a me ka ʻokoʻa wela ma waena o ka ʻO nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua he 1C, hiki i kēia mea ke hana i ka wela loa ma o ka ʻili o 1m2 i hoʻokahi hola), ʻo ia ka mea kalapona me ka conductivity thermal kiʻekiʻe loa i ʻike ʻia e ke kanaka.
Nā palena huahana SUNGRAF BRAND
Ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻeleʻele pauda
ʻAno kalapona% > kanaiwakūmāiwa
ʻO ke anawaena chip (D50, um) 6-12
ʻO ka makū% < ʻelua
Māmā g / cm3 0.02~0.08
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mei-17-2022