ibishushanyo mbonera

Uru rubuga rukoresha kuki kugirango dushobore kuguha uburambe bwiza bwabakoresha. Ibisobanuro bya kuki bibitswe muri mushakisha yawe kandi ikora imirimo itandukanye, nko kukumenya mugihe ugarutse kurubuga rwacu no kudufasha kumva ibice byurubuga ubona bishimishije kandi byingirakamaro. Kubindi bisobanuro, nyamuneka reba Politiki yacu ya kuki.
Izi kuki zikoreshwa mugutanga urubuga n'ibirimo. Kuki zikenewe cyane zihariye kubidukikije byacu, mugihe kuki zikora zikoreshwa mukworohereza abantu kwinjira, gusangira imbuga nkoranyambaga hamwe no gushyiramo ibintu byinshi.
Kuki yamamaza ikusanya amakuru kubyerekeye akamenyero kawe ko gushakisha, nkurupapuro usuye hamwe nu murongo ukurikira. Aya makuru yabateze amatwi akoreshwa kugirango urubuga rwacu rurusheho kuba ingirakamaro.
Kuki ikora ikusanya amakuru atazwi kandi igamije kudufasha kunoza urubuga no guhuza ibyo abatwumva bakeneye. Dukoresha aya makuru kugirango urubuga rwacu rwihute, rugezweho kandi tunonosore inzira kubakoresha bose.
Ushinzwe gusesengura ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro Ryan Long yitegereza neza ububiko bwa grafite hagati yimodoka ya tectonic mu nganda.
Ubushinwa bwiharira umusaruro wa grafite karemano ku isi mu myaka irenga 30, butanga hafi 60-80% bya grafite karemano ku isi.
Ariko umubare munini witerambere rigezweho kwisi yose, ufatanije nibiciro biri hejuru, bivuze ko igabanywa ryimiterere yisoko rya grafite risanzwe rigiye guhinduka.
Ibisabwa kuri grafite biriyongera uko ikoreshwa muri batiri ya lithium-ion ya anode yiyongera, bigatuma ibiciro bizamuka.
Igiciro cya flake grafite (94% C-100 mesh) mu Bushinwa cyavuye kuri $ 530 / t muri Nzeri 2021 kigera ku $ 830 / t muri Gicurasi 2022 kandi biteganijwe ko kizagera ku $ 1.000 / t muri 2025.
Igishushanyo mbonera cyagurishijwe mu Burayi cyagurishijwe ku giciro cya grafite gisanzwe cy’Ubushinwa, kiva kuri $ 980 / t muri Nzeri 2021 kigera ku $ 1,400 / t muri Gicurasi 2022.
Ibiciro biri hejuru ya grafite birashoboka gutanga imbaraga zikenewe mugutangiza imishinga mishya ya grafite hanze yUbushinwa.
Kubera iyo mpamvu, bamwe mu bahanuzi bemeza ko umugabane w’Ubushinwa ku isoko ry’imiterere ya grafite ku isi ushobora kuva kuri 68% mu 2021 ukagera kuri 35% muri 2026.
Nkuko isaranganya ry’isoko risanzwe rya grafite rihinduka, niko n’ubunini bw’isoko buteganijwe guhinduka, kubera ko Raporo y’ibyingenzi y’ibiro bya White House yerekana ko icyifuzo cya grafite kiva mu bicanwa biva mu bicanwa mu gihe cy’ingufu z’ingufu mu 2040 kiziyongera inshuro 25 ugereranije n’umusaruro muri 2020 .
Muri iki kiganiro, tuzareba amwe muri ayo masosiyete mpuzamahanga acukura amabuye y'agaciro asanzwe akora kandi ashaka kwagura ibikorwa byayo, ndetse n'abashinzwe gutegura imishinga biteguye kwimukira mu musaruro kandi bakungukirwa n'izamuka ry’ibiciro bya grafite.
Amajyaruguru ya Graphite Corp (TSX-V: NGC, OTCQB: NGPHF) afite imitungo itatu yambere ya grafite. Kugeza ubu isosiyete ikora ikirombe cya Lac des Iles (LDI) muri Québec, gitanga toni 15.000 za metero (t) za grafite ku mwaka.
LDI iri hafi kurangira k'ubuzima bwayo, ariko Amajyaruguru yasinyiye uburyo bwo kubona umushinga wa Mousseau West, uteganya gukoresha mu kongera ubuzima bw'uruganda rwa LDI.
Umushinga wa Mousseau West uherereye mu birometero 80 uvuye ku ruganda rwa LDI, iyi sosiyete ikaba yemera ko ari intera y’ubukungu yo gutwara ibicuruzwa.
Amajyaruguru arateganya kongera umusaruro wa LDI kugera kuri toni 25.000 ku mwaka (t / y) ukoresheje ubutare bwa Mousseau West. Amafaranga ateganijwe kumushinga wa Mousseau West ni toni miliyoni 4.1 (mt) hamwe na Graphite Carbon (GC) ya 6.2%.
Hagati aho, iyi sosiyete kandi irimo kuzamura ikirombe cyayo cya Okanjande-Okorusu, kiri kuvugururwa. Ibikoresho bishya bya Okanjande-Okorusu byapimwe kandi byerekanwe ni 24.2 Mt hamwe na gaze yose hamwe igera kuri 5.33%, umutungo uteganijwe ugereranywa na 7.2 Mt hamwe na gaze yose hamwe ya 5.02%, ikirere / inzibacyuho yapimwe kandi yerekanwe ni toni miliyoni 7 .1 hamwe na gaze yose hamwe igera kuri 4.23%, umutungo uteganijwe ubarirwa kuri toni 0,6 metric. ibirimo 3.41% HA
Amajyaruguru aherutse kurangiza isuzuma ry’ubukungu (PEA) kugira ngo yongere itangire ikirombe cyayo cya Okanjande Okorusu, ukeka ko ubuzima bw’ikirombe bwimyaka 10, impuzandengo isanzwe ifite agaciro nyuma y’umusoro wa miliyoni 65 z’amadolari y’Amerika, nyuma y’imisoro nyuma yo kwishyura 62%, nigiciro cya grafite. Amadorari 1500 kuri toni.
Biteganijwe ko amafaranga yo gukora umushinga ari 775 $ kuri toni naho amafaranga shingiro ni miliyoni 15.1 $ yo gutangira umusaruro. Amajyaruguru arateganya gusubukura umusaruro hagati ya 2023 hagati yikigereranyo cya 31.000 t / y, ariko mugihe kirekire, Amajyaruguru arateganya kubaka uruganda runini rutunganya rufite 100.000-150.000 t / y.
Urubuga rwarwo rwa gatatu, umushinga wa Bissett Creek, rufite NI 43-101 Minerval Resource igereranya toni 69.8 zapimwe kandi zerekanwe ku gipimo cya 1.74% GC na toni 24 z'umutungo uteganijwe kuri 1.65% GC.
PEA ivuguruye yasohotse mu Kuboza 2018 irerekana impuzandengo yumwaka wa toni 38.400 mumyaka 15 ishize. Amafaranga yakoreshejwe yakoresheje impuzandengo ya $ 642 kuri toni yibanze, hamwe n’amafaranga yakoreshejwe angana na miliyoni 106.6 zamadorari y’icyiciro cya mbere n’inyongera miliyoni 47.5 z’amadolari yo kwagura icyiciro cya 2.
Biteganijwe ko umusaruro wambere uzaba toni 40.000 ku mwaka, kandi uko isoko rigenda ryiyongera, ibi biziyongera kugera kuri toni 100.000 ku mwaka, biha umushinga agaciro keza nyuma y’imisoro ingana na miliyoni 198.2 USD 1.750 kuri toni yibanze. Biteganijwe ko kubaka uruganda rwa mbere rwa Bisset Creek ruzatangira mu gihembwe cya kabiri cya 2023.
Tirupati Graphite PLC (LON: TGR, OTC: TGRHF) ni uruganda rukora uruganda rukora ibinyabuzima bya flake bigezweho, grafite yihariye na graphene. Kugeza ubu iyi sosiyete irimo kongera umusaruro mu birombe byayo bya Sahamamy na Vatomina muri Madagasikari, igamije gutanga toni 84.000 za flake grafite buri mwaka mu 2024.
Kugeza ubu Sahamamy afite ubutunzi bwa JORC 2012 bugereranya toni 7.1 kuri 4.2% GC, mugihe Vatomina kuri ubu ifite ubutunzi bwa JORC 2012 bugereranya toni 18.4 zirimo 4,6% GC.
Muri Nzeri 2022, Tirupati izongera ubushobozi bwo gukora flake grafite muri Madagasikari kuva kuri toni 12.000 ku mwaka ikagera kuri toni 30.000 ku mwaka, ikaba imwe mu zikora amabuye y'agaciro make mu Bushinwa.
Volt Resources Ltd (ASX: VRC) ifite imigabane mu mishinga ibiri ya grafite, iyambere ni imigabane 70 ku ijana mu bucuruzi bwa grafitike ya Zavaliev muri Ukraine naho iya kabiri ni imigabane ijana ku ijana mu mushinga wa Bunyu muri Tanzaniya.
Muri Zavalyevsk, Volt kuri ubu irateganya gutanga toni ziri hagati ya 8000 na 9000 z'ibicuruzwa bya grafite buri mwaka bikarangira ku ya 30 Kamena 2023, nyuma yo kongera umusaruro neza.
Volt irateganya guteza imbere umushinga wa Bunyu mu byiciro bibiri kugirango byihutishe umusaruro. Inyigo yo mu mwaka wa 2018 yo mu cyiciro cya 1 yerekanye igikorwa gitanga toni 23.700 ku mwaka mu buzima bw’imyaka 7.1. Amafaranga akoreshwa mu bikorwa agera kuri $ 664 / t naho igishoro kingana na miliyoni 31.8 z'amadolari, bigatuma agaciro k’umushinga nyuma y’imisoro ingana na miliyoni 14.7. Amerika, kandi igipimo cyimbere cyo kugaruka ni 19.3%.
Inyigisho yanyuma ishoboka yicyiciro cya kabiri izarangirira icyarimwe hamwe no kubaka icyiciro cya mbere. Icyiciro cya 2 DFS kizashingira ku Kuboza 2016 Pre-Feasibility Study (PFS) yagennye umusaruro ugereranyije wumwaka wa 170.000 I mugihe cyimyaka 22 yubuzima. Amafaranga yakoreshejwe yagereranije US $ 536 kuri toni yibanze hamwe n’amafaranga yakoreshejwe angana na miliyoni 173 USD.
Dufashe ko impuzandengo ya grafite yibanze ku giciro cya $ 1.684 kuri toni, agaciro keza ka PFS10 nyuma y’imisoro muri 2016 ni miliyoni 890 z'amadolari naho igipimo cy’imbere y’imisoro ni 66.5%.
Sovereign Metals Ltd (ASX: SVM, AIM: SVML) itezimbere ikirombe cyayo cya Cassia rutile grafite muri Malawi.
Kubitsa kwa Kasia ntibisanzwe kuko nububiko buremereye busigaye hamwe na grafite nyinshi. Amabuye y'agaciro ya JORC 2012 yu mushinga agera kuri toni miliyari 1.8 ku kigereranyo cya 1.32% GC na 1.01% rutile.
Biteganijwe ko Kasia izatezwa imbere mubice bibiri. Icyiciro cya mbere kizatanga toni 85.000 za flake grafite na toni 145.000 za rutile ku mwaka ku giciro cy’amadolari miliyoni 372 USD.
Icyiciro cya kabiri cyumushinga kizatanga toni 170.000 za flake grafite na toni 260.000 za rutile ku mwaka kandi byongere amafaranga y’ishoramari miliyoni 311 USD.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe (SS), bwarangiye muri Kamena 2022, bwerekanye agaciro keza8 nyuma y’imisoro ingana na miliyari 1.54 n’inyungu nyuma y’imisoro yo kugaruka kwa 36% mu buzima bwa mbere bw’amabuye y’imyaka 25. SS ifata impuzandengo yikiguzi cyamadorari 1,085 / t ya grafite na $ 1,308 / t rutile, nigiciro cyibikorwa bya $ 320 / t rutile nibicuruzwa bya grafite.
Ibigenga byigenga byatangiye imirimo kuri PFS, biteganijwe ko izarangira mu ntangiriro za 2023.Ibisubizo bya gahunda yo kwagura no kubanziriza imyitozo biteganijwe mu gice cya kabiri cya 2022.
Blencowe Resources PLC (LON: BRES) iteza imbere umushinga wa grafite ya Orom-Cross muri Uganda. Umushinga wa Orom Cross kuri ubu ufite JORC 2012 ugereranyije Amabuye y'agaciro ya toni 24.5 hamwe na GC ya 6.0%.
Ubushakashatsi buherutse gukorwa mbere y’ubushakashatsi bwakozwe bwerekanye agaciro keza nyuma y’imisoro ingana na miliyoni 482 n’igipimo cy’imbere mu gihugu nyuma y’imisoro ya 49% ku kigereranyo cy’igiciro cy’amadolari 1,307 kuri toni ya grafite mu gihe cy’imyaka 14. serivisi zanjye. Ibikorwa byumushinga ni 499 $ kuri toni naho amafaranga shingiro ni miliyoni 62.
Biteganijwe ko umushinga uzatezwa imbere mu byiciro, biteganijwe ko uruganda rw’icyitegererezo ruzatangira mu gice cya kabiri cy’umwaka wa 2023 rufite umusaruro w’umwaka wa toni 1.500, hagakurikiraho no gutangiza ibikorwa by’umusaruro wa mbere mu 2025 hamwe n’umusaruro ngarukamwaka. ubushobozi bwa toni 36.000. Toni 50.000-100.000 muri 2028, kugeza kuri toni 100.000-147,000 muri 2031.Biteganijwe ko umushinga uzarangira DFS mu mpera za 2023.
Blackearth Minerals NL itezimbere umushinga wa Maniry grafite mu majyepfo ya Madagasikari kandi biteganijwe ko ubushakashatsi bwa nyuma bushoboka (DFS) buzaba mu Kwakira 2022. Ikigereranyo cy’amabuye y'agaciro ya JORC 2012 kuri uyu mushinga ni toni 38.8 hamwe na GC ifite 6.4%.
SS ivuguruye, yasohowe mu Kuboza 2021, isobanura nyuma y’imisoro NPV10 ingana na miliyoni 184.4 z’amadolari n’imbere y’imbere y’imisoro yo kugaruka kwa 86.1% ku kigereranyo cya grafite $ 1.258 kuri toni.
Biteganijwe ko umushinga uzashyirwa mu bikorwa mu byiciro bibiri, icyiciro cya mbere cy’amafaranga miliyoni 38.3 z’amadolari y’Amerika hamwe n’umusaruro ngarukamwaka wa toni 30.000 mu myaka ine. Igiciro cy’ishoramari mu cyiciro cya kabiri ni miliyoni 26.3 zamadorali y’Amerika hamwe n’umwaka ugereranije umusaruro wa toni 60.000 mu myaka 10. Ikigereranyo cyo gukoresha ikirombe munsi yumushinga ni $ 447.76 / toni ya concentrate.
Blackearth ifite kandi imigabane ingana na 50 ku ijana mu mushinga uhuriweho na Metachem Manufacturing Company, uruganda rukomeye rukora ibishushanyo mbonera byaguka ndetse n’ibindi bicuruzwa bitunganijwe, kugira ngo biteze imbere uruganda rukora grafite mu Buhinde.
Umushinga uhuriweho witwa Panthera Graphite Technologies urateganya gutangira guteza imbere uruganda muri Nzeri 2022, rukaba ruzarangira mu ntangiriro za 2023 hakaba hateganijwe kugurishwa bwa mbere mu gihembwe cya kabiri cya 2023.
Uruganda ruteganya gutanga toni 2000-2500 za grafite yaguka buri mwaka mumyaka itatu yambere. Noneho umushinga uhuriweho urateganya kongera umusaruro kugeza kuri toni 4000-5000 / kumwaka. Hamwe nicyiciro cya mbere gahunda yo gukoresha imari ingana na miliyoni 3 z'amadolari, umwaka wambere wuzuye w’ibicuruzwa biteganijwe ko uzinjiza miliyoni 7 z'amadolari, aho icyiciro cya kabiri cyinjira buri mwaka kikagera kuri miliyoni 18-20.5.
Evolution Energy Minerals Ltd (ASX: EV1) itezimbere umushinga wa Chilalo grafite muri Tanzaniya. Amabuye y'agaciro ya Chilalo yo mu rwego rwo hejuru agera kuri toni 20 kuri 9.9% GC naho ubutunzi bwo mu rwego rwo hasi bugereranywa na toni 47.3 kuri 3.5% GC.
DFS yasohowe muri Mutarama 2020, yagennye nyuma y’imisoro NPV8 ingana na miliyoni 323 z’amadolari n’umusoro w’imbere w’imisoro wagarutse kuri 34% ku gipimo mpuzandengo cy’amadolari 1.534 kuri toni. Ikigereranyo cy’imari shingiro y’umushinga ni miliyoni 87.4 US $ naho impuzandengo yumwaka ni toni 50.000 mugihe cyimyaka 18 yubuzima bwa kirombe.
Umushinga wa DFS hamwe na Front End Engineering (FEED) kuri Chilalo kuri ubu birakomeje. Ubwihindurize kandi bwategetse Auramet International kugira inama Chilalo no gutanga inkunga kuri uyu mushinga.