umkhiqizi we-graphite

Le webhusayithi isebenzisa amakhukhi ukuze sikwazi ukukunikeza ulwazi olungcono lomsebenzisi. Ulwazi lwamakhukhi lugcinwa esipheqululini sakho futhi lenza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene, njengokukuqaphela lapho ubuyela kuwebhusayithi yethu nokusisiza siqonde ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye zewebhusayithi ozithola zithakazelisa kakhulu futhi ziwusizo. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe, sicela ubheke Inqubomgomo yethu Yekhukhi.
Lawa makhukhi asetshenziselwa ukuletha iwebhusayithi yethu nokuqukethwe. Amakhukhi adingeka kakhulu aqondene nendawo yethu yokusingatha, kuyilapho amakhukhi asebenzayo esetshenziselwa ukusiza ukungena ngemvume komphakathi, ukwabelana ngemidiya yezenhlalo kanye nokushumeka kokuqukethwe kwe-multimedia.
Amakhukhi okukhangisa aqoqa ulwazi mayelana nemikhuba yakho yokuphequlula, njengamakhasi owavakashelayo nezixhumanisi ozilandelayo. Le datha yezethameli isetshenziselwa ukwenza iwebhusayithi yethu ihambisane kakhulu.
Amakhukhi okusebenza aqoqa ulwazi olungaziwa futhi ahloselwe ukusisiza sithuthukise iwebhusayithi yethu futhi sihlangabezane nezidingo zababukeli bethu. Sisebenzisa lolu lwazi ukwenza iwebhusayithi yethu isheshe, ibe sesikhathini samanje futhi sithuthukise ukuzulazula kubo bonke abasebenzisi.
Umhlaziyi wezimayini osebenzayo uRyan Long ubhekisisa amasheya e-graphite phakathi nokunyakaza kwamapuleti e-tectonic embonini.
I-China iye yalawula ukukhiqizwa kwe-graphite yemvelo emhlabeni wonke iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30, ikhiqiza cishe u-60-80% we-graphite yemvelo yomhlaba.
Kodwa inani elikhulu lentuthuko esezingeni eliphezulu emhlabeni wonke, kuhlanganiswe namanani aphezulu, kusho ukuthi ukusatshalaliswa kwendawo yemakethe ye-graphite yemvelo sekuzoshintsha.
Isidingo se-graphite siyanda njengoba ukusetshenziswa kwayo ku-anode yebhethri ye-lithium-ion kukhuphuka, kunyusa amanani.
Intengo ye-flake graphite (94% C-100 mesh) e-China ikhuphuke isuka ku-$530/t ngo-September 2021 yaya ku-$830/t ngoMeyi 2022 futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ifinyelele ku-$1,000/t ngo-2025.
I-graphite yemvelo edayiswa e-Europe ihwebe ngenani eliphakeme i-graphite yemvelo yaseShayina, ikhuphuka isuka ku-$980/t ngo-September 2021 yaya ku-$1,400/t ngoMeyi 2022.
Izintengo eziphakeme ze-graphite zemvelo kungenzeka zinikeze umfutho odingekayo ukuze kwethulwe amaphrojekthi amasha emvelo e-graphite ngaphandle kwase-China.
Ngenxa yalokhu, abanye ababikezeli bakholelwa ukuthi isabelo saseShayina semakethe ye-graphite yemvelo yomhlaba wonke ingehla isuka ku-68% ngo-2021 iye ku-35% ngo-2026.
Njengoba ukusatshalaliswa kwemakethe ye-graphite yemvelo kushintsha, ngokufanayo nosayizi wemakethe olindeleke ukuthi ushintshe, njengoba umbiko we-White House Critical Metals Report uphakamisa ukuthi isidingo se-graphite esivela kuphethiloli we-fossil ekushintsheni kwamandla ngo-2040 sizokhuphuka izikhathi ezingu-25 uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhiqizwa ngo-2020. .
Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka ezinye zalezi zinkampani zomhlaba wonke zezimayini ze-graphite zemvelo esezivele zisebenza futhi zibheke ukukhulisa imisebenzi yazo, kanye nalabo abathuthukisi bephrojekthi abalungele ukuhambisa ekukhiqizeni futhi bazuze ekukhuphukeni kwentengo ye-graphite yemvelo.
I-Northern Graphite Corp (TSX-V: NGC, OTCQB: NGPHF) iphethe izimpahla ezintathu ezihamba phambili ze-graphite. Njengamanje inkampani isebenzisa imayini ye-Lac des Iles (LDI) e-Quebec, ekhiqiza amathani angu-15,000 we-metric tons (t) egraphite ngonyaka.
I-LDI isisondela ekupheleni kwempilo yayo, kodwa iNyakatho isayine inketho yokuthola iphrojekthi ye-Mousseau West, ehlela ukuyisebenzisela ukunweba impilo yemboni ye-LDI.
Iphrojekthi ye-Mousseau West itholakala ku-80 km ukusuka embonini ye-LDI, inkampani ekholelwa ukuthi iyibanga elingokomnotho lokuthutha izimpahla.
I-Northern ihlela ukukhulisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-LDI kuya kumathani angama-25,000 ngonyaka (t/y) kusetshenziswa insimbi yaseMousseau West. Izinsiza ezilinganiselwe zephrojekthi yaseMousseau West zingamathani ayizigidi ezi-4.1 (mt) nebanga le-Graphite Carbon (GC) lika-6.2%.
Okwamanje, inkampani iphinde ithuthukise imayini yayo i-Okanjande-Okorusu, esalungiswayo. Izinsiza ezintsha zika-Okanjande-Okorusu ezilinganiselwe nezibonisiwe ziyi-24.2 Mt enezinga legesi eliphelele elingu-5.33%, izinsiza ezicatshangelwayo zilinganiselwa ku-7.2 Mt enezinga legesi eliphelele elingu-5.02%, izinsiza ezilinganiselwe/ ezesikhashana zikalwe nezikhonjisiwe zingamathani ayizigidi ezingu-7 .1 ingqikithi yegesi engu-4.23%, insiza elinganiselwe ilinganiselwa ku-0.6 metric tons. okuqukethwe 3.41% HA
INorthern isanda kuphothula i-Preliminary Economic Assessment (PEA) ukuze kuqalwe kabusha imayini yayo yase-Okanjande Okorusu, okuthatha impilo yezimayini iminyaka engu-10, inani eliphelele lamanje ngemva kwentela engu-$65 wezigidi, isilinganiso sangaphakathi sentela sangemva kwentela esingu-62%, kanye nenani le-graphite. Amadola ayi-1500 ngethani.
Izindleko zokusebenza ezilinganiselwe zephrojekthi zingu-$775 ithani ngalinye kanti izindleko zekhephithali zingu-$15.1 wezigidi ukuqalisa kabusha ukukhiqiza. I-Northern ihlela ukuqalisa kabusha ukukhiqiza maphakathi no-2023 ngesilinganiso somthamo olinganiselwa ku-31,000 t/y, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, iNyakatho ihlela ukwakha indawo entsha yokucubungula enamandla engu-100,000-150,000 t/y.
Indawo yayo yesithathu, i-Bissett Creek Project, inesilinganiso se-NI 43-101 Mineral Resource esingamathani angama-69.8 wezinsiza ezikaliwe futhi ezibonisiwe ku-1.74% wezinga le-GC kanye namathani angama-24 ezinsiza ezikhonjiwe ku-1.65% grade GC.
I-PEA ebuyekeziwe eyanyatheliswa ngoZibandlela wezi-2018 ibala isilinganiso sokukhiqizwa kwaminyaka yonke esingamathani angama-38,400 phakathi neminyaka eyi-15 edlule. Izindleko zokusebenza zifinyelele ku-$642 ngethani ngalinye lokugxilisa ingqondo, kanye nezindleko ezinkulu zamaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-106.6 zeSigaba soku-1 kanye no-$47.5 wezigidi ezengeziwe zokwandisa imali yeSigaba 2.
Ukukhiqizwa kokuqala kulindeleke ukuthi kube amathani angu-40,000 ngonyaka, futhi njengoba imakethe ikhula, lokhu kuzokwenyuka kuye kumathani angu-100,000 ngonyaka, okuzonikeza iphrojekthi inani eliphelele lamanje ngemva kwezintela ze-$198.2 million USD 1,750 ngethani ngalinye. Ukwakhiwa kwemboni yokuqala yase-Bisset Creek kulindeleke ukuthi kuqale ngekota yesibili ka-2023.
I-Tirupati Graphite PLC (LON: TGR, OTC: TGRHF) ingumkhiqizi ohlanganisiwe we-graphite yemvelo ethuthukisiwe, i-graphite ekhethekile ne-graphene. Le nkampani njengamanje inyusa ukukhiqizwa ezimayini zayo zaseSahamamy naseVatomina eMadagascar, ihlose ukukhiqiza amathani angama-84,000 e-flake graphite ngonyaka ngo-2024.
I-Sahamamy njengamanje inesilinganiso se-JORC 2012 Mineral Resource samathani angu-7.1 ku-4.2% GC, kuyilapho i-Vatomina njengamanje inesilinganiso se-JORC 2012 Mineral Resource samathani angu-18.4 aqukethe u-4.6% we-GC.
NgoSepthemba 2022, iTirupati izokwenyusa umthamo wayo wokukhiqiza i-flake graphite eMadagascar isuka kumathani ayi-12,000 ngonyaka iye kumathani angama-30,000 ngonyaka, okuyenza ibe ngomunye wabakhiqizi abambalwa abakhulu bamaminerali ngaphandle kweChina.
I-Volt Resources Ltd (ASX:VRC) inamasheya kumaphrojekthi amabili e-graphite, eyokuqala iyisabelo esingamaphesenti angama-70 ebhizinisini le-graphite lase-Zavaliev e-Ukraine kanti eyesibili iyisabelo esingamaphesenti angu-100 kuphrojekthi ye-Bunyu graphite eTanzania.
E-Zavalyevsk, iVolt njengamanje ihlela ukukhiqiza amathani ayi-8,000 kanye nezi-9,000 zemikhiqizo ye-graphite ngonyaka ophela ngoJuni 30, 2023, kulandela ukuqaliswa kabusha ngempumelelo kokukhiqiza.
I-Volt ihlela ukuthuthukisa iphrojekthi ye-Bunyu ngezigaba ezimbili ukuze kusheshiswe ukukhiqizwa. Ucwaningo Lokwenzeka Kwezi-2018 lweSigaba 1 luhlonze umsebenzi okhiqiza amathani angu-23,700 ngonyaka esikhathini seminyaka eyi-7.1 yezimayini. Izindleko zokusebenza zilinganiselwa ku-$664/t kanti imali enkulu ibiza amaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-31.8, okuholela enanini eliphelele lamanje lephrojekthi ngemva kwezintela eziyizigidi ezingu-14.7 zamaRandi. I-United States, futhi izinga langaphakathi lembuyiselo ngu-19.3%.
Ucwaningo lokugcina lokungenzeka lwesigaba sesibili luzophothulwa kanye kanye nokwakhiwa kwesigaba sokuqala. I-Stage 2 DFS izosuselwa ku-Pre-Feasibility Study (PFS) yango-December 2016 eyanquma isilinganiso sesivuno sonyaka sika-170,000 I onyakeni wokuphila weminyaka engama-22. Izindleko zokusebenza zifinyelele ku-US$536 ngethani ngalinye lokugxilisa ingqondo kanye nezindleko ezinkulu zifinyelela ku-$173 million.
Uma kubhekwa inani elimaphakathi le-graphite lokugxilisa ingqondo lika-$1,684 ithani ngalinye, inani eliphelele lamanje le-PFS10 ngemva kwentela ngo-2016 liyizigidi ezingu-890 zamaRandi kanti izinga langaphakathi lentela langemva kwentela lingama-66.5%.
I-Sovereign Metals Ltd (ASX:SVM, AIM:SVML) iphromotha imayini yayo ye-Cassia rutile graphite e-Malawi.
Idiphozi yaseKasia ayijwayelekile njengoba iyidiphozithi esindayo esalayo enenani elikhulu legraphite. I-JORC 2012 Mineral Resources yephrojekthi ilinganiselwa emathani ayizigidigidi eziyi-1.8 ngokwesilinganiso sebanga elingu-1.32% GC kanye ne-rutile engu-1.01%.
I-Kasia kulindeleke ukuthi ithuthukiswe ngezigaba ezimbili. Isiteji sokuqala sizokhiqiza amathani angu-85,000 we-flake graphite kanye namathani angu-145,000 we-rutile ngonyaka ngezindleko ezinkulu ze-US $ 372 million.
Isigaba sesibili salo msebenzi sizokhiqiza amathani ayi-170,000 e-flake graphite kanye namathani angu-260,000 we-rutile ngonyaka futhi kukhuphule izindleko zemali nge-US$311 million.
Ucwaningo lwe-scoping (SS), oluqedwe ngoJuni 2022, lubonise inani eliphelele lamanje8 ngemuva kwezintela zamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-1.54 kanye nezinga langaphakathi lentela langemva kwentela elingu-36% esikhathini sokuqala sempilo yemayini yeminyaka engama-25. I-SS ithatha isilinganiso senani likabhasikidi lika-$1,085/t graphite kanye ne-rutile engu-$1,308/t, kanye nezindleko zokusebenza ezingu-$320/t imikhiqizo ye-rutile ne-graphite.
I-Sovereign Metals isiqalile umsebenzi ku-PFS, okulindeleke ukuthi iqedwe ekuqaleni kuka-2023. Imiphumela yokwandisa kanye nezinhlelo zokumba ngaphambilini ilindeleke engxenyeni yesibili ka-2022.
I-Blencowe Resources PLC (LON: BRES) ithuthukisa iphrojekthi yayo ye-graphite ye-Orom-Cross e-Uganda. Iphrojekthi ye-Orom Cross njengamanje ine-JORC 2012 ye-Mineral Resource elinganiselwa amathani angama-24.5 enezinga le-GC lika-6.0%.
Ucwaningo olusanda kuqedwa lwangaphambi kokwenzeka kwephrojekthi lubonise inani eliphelele lamanje ngemva kwezintela eziyizigidi ezingu-482 zamaRandi kanye nezinga langaphakathi lembuyiselo ngemva kwezintela ezingu-49% ngenani likabhasikidi elimaphakathi lika-$1,307 ngethani ngalinye legraphite esikhathini esiyiminyaka eyi-14. izinsiza zemayini. Izindleko zokusebenza kwephrojekthi zingu-$499 ngethani kanti izindleko zekhephithali ziyizigidi ezingama-$62.
Le phrojekthi kulindeleke ukuthi ithuthukiswe ngezigaba, kanti imboni yokuhlola kulindeleke ukuthi iqale engxenyeni yesibili ka-2023 enamandla okukhiqiza minyaka yonke amathani ayi-1,500, kulandele ukuqaliswa kwezindawo zokuqala zokukhiqiza ngo-2025 ngokukhiqizwa konyaka. umthamo wamathani angama-36,000. 50,000-100,000 amathani ngo-2028, kuze kufike ku-100,000-147,000 amathani ngo-2031. Lo msebenzi kulindeleke ukuthi uphothulwe yi-DFS ekupheleni kuka-2023.
IBlackearth Minerals NL iqhubekisela phambili iphrojekthi yayo ye-Maniry graphite eningizimu ye-Madagascar kanti ucwaningo lokugcina lokungenzeka (DFS) kulindeleke ukuthi lwenziwe ngo-Okthoba 2022. Isilinganiso se-JORC 2012 Mineral Resource salo msebenzi singamathani angama-38.8 ngebanga leGC lika-6.4%.
I-SS ebuyekeziwe, eyanyatheliswa ngoDisemba 2021, ichaza i-NPV10 yentela yangemva kwentela ka-$184.4 wezigidi kanye nezinga langaphakathi lentela langaphambi kwentela elingu-86.1% ngenani le-graphite eliphakathi kuka-$1,258 ngethani.
Lo mklamo kulindeleke ukuthi uqaliswe ngezigaba ezimbili, ngezindleko ezinkulu zesigaba sokuqala zamaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-38.3 kanye nokukhiqizwa okulinganiselwe konyaka okungamathani angu-30 000 eminyakeni emine. Izindleko ezinkulu zesigaba sesibili ziyizigidi ezingama-US$26.3 ngokukhiqiza okumaphakathi konyaka okungamathani angama-60,000 phakathi neminyaka eyi-10. Isilinganiso sezindleko zokusebenzisa imayini ngaphansi kwephrojekthi ngu-$447.76/ton of concentrate.
UBlackearth futhi ungumnikazi wesabelo esingamaphesenti angu-50 ebhizinisini elihlanganyelwe ne-Metachem Manufacturing Company, umkhiqizi ohamba phambili wamagraphite anwebekayo neminye imikhiqizo ecutshungulwayo, ukuze kuthuthukiswe isitshalo segraphite esinwebekayo eNdiya.
Ibhizinisi elihlanganyelwe elibizwa nge-Panthera Graphite Technologies lihlela ukuqala ukuthuthukisa lesi sitshalo ngoSepthemba 2022, okuphothulwe ekuqaleni kuka-2023 kanti ukuthengiswa kokuqala kulindeleke kwikota yesibili ka-2023.
Lesi sitshalo silindele ukukhiqiza amathani angama-2000-2500 egraphite anwebekayo ngonyaka ngeminyaka emithathu yokuqala. Khona-ke i-joint venture ihlela ukwandisa ukukhiqiza kuze kufike ku-4000-5000 amathani / ngonyaka. Ngohlelo lwesigaba sokuqala sokusebenzisa imali eyizigidi ezintathu zamaRandi, unyaka wokuqala ogcwele wokukhiqiza kulindeleke ukuthi wenze isamba esingu-$7 million, kanti imali engenayo yonyaka yesigaba sesibili izokhuphuka ifinyelele ezigidini ezingu-18–20.5.
I-Evolution Energy Minerals Ltd (ASX:EV1) iphromotha iphrojekthi yayo ye-Chilalo graphite eTanzania. I-Chilalo Mineral Resources yezinga eliphezulu ilinganiselwa kumathani angama-20 ku-9.9% GC kanti eyezinga eliphansi iMineral Resources ilinganiselwa kumathani angama-47.3 ku-3.5% GC.
I-DFS, eyashicilelwa ngoJanuwari 2020, yanquma i-NPV8 yentela yangemva kwentela yezigidi ezingu-$323 kanye nezinga langaphakathi lentela langemva kwentela lembuyiselo engu-34% ngenani elimaphakathi legraphite lika-$1,534 ithani ngalinye. Isilinganiso sezindleko zephrojekthi yi-US$87.4 million kanti isilinganiso sokukhiqiza ngonyaka singamathani angu-50,000 phakathi neminyaka engu-18 yokuphila kwemayini.
Iphrojekthi ebuyekeziwe ye-DFS kanye ne-Front End Engineering (FEED) ye-Chilalo iyaqhubeka. I-Evolution iphinde yathuma i-Auramet International ukuthi yeluleke u-Chilalo futhi inikeze imali kulo msebenzi.