Iwumlingo kangakanani i-graphene? Ugqinsi locingo lwezinwele luyi-1/200000, futhi amandla alo aphindwe kayikhulu kunawensimbi.

Iyini i-graphene?

I-Graphene iwuju olusha lwe-honeycomb material olubunjwe ukupakishwa okuseduze kwama-athomu ekhabhoni esendlalelo esisodwa. Ngamanye amazwi, iyi-carbon material enezinhlangothi ezimbili futhi ingeyesici esifanayo se-heteromorphic body of carbon element. Isibopho semolekyuli segraphene singu-0.142 nm kuphela, futhi isikhala sendiza yekristalu singu-0.335 nm kuphela.

Abantu abaningi abanawo umqondo weyunithi ye-nano. I-Nano iyiyunithi yobude. I-nano eyodwa icishe ibe yi-10 kuya ku-minus 9 square metres. Limfushane kakhulu kune-bacterium futhi likhulu njengama-athomu amane. Kunoma yikuphi, asikwazi neze ukubona into engu-1 nm ngamehlo ethu enqunu. Kufanele sisebenzise isibonakhulu. Ukutholakala kwe-nanotechnology kulethe imikhakha emisha yentuthuko esintwini, futhi i-graphene nayo iwubuchwepheshe obumele obubaluleke kakhulu.

Kuze kube manje, i-graphene iyinhlanganisela ye-thinnest eye yatholakala emhlabeni womuntu. Ugqinsi lwaso lulugqinsi njenge-athomu eyodwa. Ngasikhathi sinye, iphinde ibe yimpahla elula futhi iyikhondatha kagesi ehamba phambili emhlabeni.

Umuntu kanye ne-graphene

Nokho, umlando womuntu kanye ne-graphene empeleni usuthathe isikhathi esingaphezu kwengxenye yekhulu leminyaka. Kusukela ngo-1948, ososayensi bathola ukuba khona kwe-graphene emvelweni. Kodwa-ke, ngaleso sikhathi, kwakunzima ngezinga lesayensi nezobuchwepheshe ukukhipha i-graphene esakhiweni esinongqimba olulodwa, ngakho-ke lawa ma-graphene ayembondelene, abonisa isimo se-graphite. Njalo nge-1 mm ye-graphite iqukethe izendlalelo ezingaba izigidi ezi-3 ze-graphene.

Kodwa isikhathi eside, i-graphene yayibhekwa njengento engekho. Abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi iyinto nje ecatshangwa ososayensi, ngoba uma i-graphene ikhona ngempela, kungani ososayensi bengakwazi ukuyikhipha yodwa?

Kuze kube ngu-2004, ososayensi u-Andre Geim noKonstantin Volov baseYunivesithi yaseManchester e-UK bathola indlela yokuhlukanisa i-graphene. Bathola ukuthi uma ama-graphite flakes ekhishwa ku-graphite ye-pyrolytic egxile kakhulu, khona-ke izinhlangothi ezimbili zama-graphite flakes zazinamathele ku-tape ekhethekile, bese i-tape inqanyuliwe, le ndlela ingahlukanisa ngempumelelo ama-graphite flakes.

Ngemva kwalokho, udinga kuphela ukuphinda imisebenzi engenhla ngokuqhubekayo ukuze wenze ishidi legraphite esandleni sakho libe lincane futhi libe lincane. Ekugcineni, ungathola ishidi elikhethekile elakhiwe ama-athomu ekhabhoni kuphela. Izinto ezikuleli shidi empeleni ziyi-graphene. U-Andre Geim noKonstantin Novoselov baphinde bawina uMklomelo KaNobel ngokutholakala kwe-graphene, futhi labo ababethi i-graphene ayikho bashaywa ebusweni. Ngakho kungani i-graphene ingabonisa izici ezinjalo?

I-Graphene, inkosi yezinto zokwakha

Lapho i-graphene isitholakele, yashintsha ngokuphelele ukwakheka kocwaningo lwesayensi emhlabeni wonke. Ngenxa yokuthi i-graphene iye yabonakala iyinto encane kunazo zonke emhlabeni, igremu elilodwa le-graphene lanele ukuhlanganisa inkundla yebhola evamile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-graphene nayo ine-conductivity enhle kakhulu yokushisa nogesi.

I-graphene engenasici yamahhala ye-single-layer ine-conductivity eshisayo eqinile, futhi ukuqhutshwa kwayo okushisayo kuphezulu njenge-5300w / MK (w / m · degree: kucatshangwa ukuthi ugqinsi olulodwa lwento engu-1m kanye nomehluko wokushisa phakathi izinhlangothi ezimbili zingu-1C, le nto ingakwazi ukuhambisa ukushisa okukhulu endaweni engu-1m2 ngehora), Ikhabhoni ene-thermal conductivity ephakeme kakhulu eyaziwa isintu.

d8f9d72a6059252dd4b5588e2158cf3359b5b9e1

Imingcele yomkhiqizo SUNGRAF BRAND

Umbala wokubukeka Impushana emnyama

Okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni% > amashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nesishiyagalolunye

Ububanzi be-chip (D50, um) 6~12

Okuqukethwe umswakama% < ezimbili

Ukuminyana g / cm3 0.02~0.08


Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-17-2022